A high-performance mode of insulation, spray foam achieves superior thermal and moisture performance through conforming to whatever substrate it is sprayed against. Available in open cell (water blown) and closed cell (chemical blown) varieties, spray foam is the ideal choice for any build with irregularities in the framing or envelope. Higher density closed cell foams are often utilized in situations require top thermal performance and waterproofing.

Traditional insulation usually employs a soft-spun or rigid fiber material that is hand-installed or blown into framing enclosures. The most common insulation types are fiberglass (silicate composite material) and cellulose (recycled wood pulp), but increasing mineral fiber (a product of stone or slag processing) is a popular option for fire-proofing and sound absorption.